If you are on the planet Earth right now, there's probably a pretty good chance you're near an ant right now. So spare a thought for those hard working little fellows and unplug your headphones so they can hear this episode about ants (featuring special guest Maddie Sofia) and learn more about themselves! Want more Maddie Sofia in your life? Check her out on Twitter @maddie_sofia, watch the episode of PBS's Deep Look that inspired her poem, or go to Maddie's website to find countless more projects! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley, Mike A, and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] First commercial formicarium https://archive.dartmouthalumnimagazine.com/article/1988/12/1/the-man-who-invented-the-ant-farm-not-to-mention-the-ant-coal-mine https://www.dartmouth.edu/library/Library_Bulletin/Apr1993/LB-A93-Cramer.html?mswitch-redir=classic https://www.usinflationcalculator.com/ [Fact Off] Ants stealing food from a pitcher plant Ants swimming in pitcher plants: kinematics of aquatic and terrestrial locomotion in Camponotus schmitzi https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-tropical-ecology/article/abs/swimming-ants-and-pitcher-plants-a-unique-antplant-interaction-from-borneo/603B9F3C479FF3D2CF369E23B4EF67E0 https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01937.x Marauder ants and major worker piggyback rides https://content.ucpress.edu/chapters/10359.ch01.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4155725/ https://sib.illinois.edu/suarez/local/suarez/uploads/2020/01/Wills_etal_2018_ARE.pdf https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_75-1 https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043357 [Ask the Science Couch] Ant size/strength https://engineering.osu.edu/news/2014/02/study-ants-remarkable-strength-may-lead-powerful-micro-sized-robots https://www.wired.com/video/watch/why-humans-cant-lift-as-much-as-ants https://askdruniverse.wsu.edu/2017/07/20/how_ants_are_strong/ https://www.newscientist.com/article/2113824-coconut-crabs-bone-crushing-grip-is-10-times-stronger-than-ours/ https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/allometry-the-study-of-biological-scaling-13228439/ [Butt One More Thing] Parasitic beetle disguised as ant butt https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/02/the-beetle-that-pretends-to-be-an-army-ants-butt/516522/ https://bmczool.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40850-016-0010-x

Original Airdate: January 26, 2021 SciShow Tangents will be back next week with a new season and very special guest! Until then, please enjoy this beloved classic episode about Weather! Because it's spring and the weather is changing, you see! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley, Mike A, and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible!

Every millisecond of every day, you, everyone you know, every rock on the ground, every star in the sky... they're all aging. And podcasts are no exception. In fact, Tangents is hitting a milestone in its aging as we bring season 4 to a close with this episode! You can't hear the dull roar of time lurching ever onward if you're listening to a funny show, so come listen! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley, Mike A, and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Epigenetic clock of dog years vs. human years https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/theres-new-better-formula-calculating-dog-years-180973575/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32619550/ [Fact Off] Brown-Séquard and using testicle injections to reverse aging https://archive.org/details/Brown-sequardC.-e.TheEffectProducedOnManBySubcutaneousInjectionsOfA https://academic.oup.com/brain/article/140/5/1525/3760152 https://www.jci.org/articles/view/57089 Sperm aging/senescence in toads and other vertebrates https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0050820 https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/683429 https://support.webb.uu.se/digitalAssets/52/a_52297-f_BeckyTREE.pdf https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21332857/ [Ask the Science Couch] Causing/reversing aging in mice through epigenetics (ICE - inducible changes to epigenome) https://hms.harvard.edu/news/loss-epigenetic-information-can-drive-aging-restoration-can-reverse https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(22)01570-7 https://www.news-medical.net/news/20230115/The-loss-of-epigenetic-information-accelerates-the-aging-process.aspx https://newatlas.com/biology/epigenetic-reboot-reverse-aging-extend-lifespan https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.01.04.522507v1 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2975-4 [Butt One More Thing] C. elegans rapid senescence (kind of lactation) https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/930463 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-25821-y

Learning is a little like farming, in a way. You sow your brain field with facts seeds, nurture those seeds into thoughts and ideas and voila: you're smart! So slap on your headphones and jump on that tractor: We've got a bumper crop of knowledge to harvest! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley, Mike A, and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Circulation of 1938 Old Farmer’s Almanac https://www.almanac.com/history-old-farmers-almanac https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/11/how-the-old-farmers-almanac-previewed-the-information-age/415836/ [Fact Off] Bradford watermelon seeds that people would die for https://bradfordwatermelons.com/2014/08/our-story-the-long-version/ https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/71931/super-sweet-watermelon-has-deadly-history https://www.treehugger.com/bradford-watermelons-were-juicy-delicious-people-literally-die-4862619 Hearing loss in farmed salmon because of weird otolith formation https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/farmed-salmon-are-deaf-and-now-we-know-why https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/220/16/2965/33518/Rapid-growth-causes-abnormal-vaterite-formation-in https://www.nature.com/articles/srep25249 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.709850/full [Ask the Science Couch] Animal agriculture (ants, termites, pocket gophers) https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/did-you-know/did-you-know-leafcutter-ants-are-farmers-who-grow-fungi https://asm.org/Articles/2017/September/the-leaf-cutter-ant-s-50-million-years-of-farming https://www.theverge.com/2016/6/25/12024324/termite-farming-25-million-years-ago-before-humans https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0156847 https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/957505 https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(22)00915-0 Video of pocket gopher pulling plant: https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/940458 [Butt One More Thing] Pig sty latrines https://www.artic.edu/articles/629/pigsty-and-latrines https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1001550/seats%2C-squats%2C-and-leaves-a-brief-history-of-chinese-toilets https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/N5dN_A29v58C?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=fertilizer

In all of science, there are very few things conceptually cooler than lasers. A beam of light you can use to blast aliens? Heck yeah! But are lasers actually as cool in reality as they are in science fiction? Probably not! But I guess you'll have to listen to find out for sure. SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley, Mike A, and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Truth or Fail] Gold-plated bacteria Contact lenses that shoot lasers Lead into gold with lasers [Trivia Question] Universal Product Code first scanned in grocery store https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/history-bar-code-180956704/ [Fact Off] Laser cooking of printed chicken https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jct3f92rIOE https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/3-d-printed-chicken-dinner-cooked-by-lasers/ Laser lightning rod for deflection/protection https://www.unige.ch/communication/communiques/en/2023/devier-la-foudre-grace-au-paratonnerre-laser https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-022-01139-z https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/education/svrwx101/lightning/faq/ http://www.usfcam.usf.edu/cam/exhibitions/1998_12_mccollum/supplemental_didactics/21.uman2.pdf [Ask the Science Couch] Long-distance lasers and masers https://www.faa.gov/about/initiatives/lasers/hazards https://spie.org/news/12-09-laser-ranging?SSO=1 http://ccom.unh.edu/theme/lidar https://www.icrar.org/megamaser/ https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.02523 [Butt One More Thing] Low-level laser therapy for butt (or any) tendons https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8886125/ https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22960-gluteal-tendinopathy http://www.utahorthopediccenters.com/hip/gluteus-medius-tendinopathy-or-dead-butt-syndrome/

The bodily function so universal, there's a kids book all about how everybody does it! But... is that kids book a lie?! Find out the answer to that and way more in this very overdue episode of Tangents! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley, Mike A, and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Penguin poop distance traveled https://iposeogsekk.com/penguano.pdf https://improbable.com/ig/winners/#ig2005 [Fact Off] AI listening to sounds of poop/diarrhea/fart https://www.newscientist.com/article/2350082-ai-listens-to-toilet-sounds-to-guess-whether-people-have-diarrhoea/ https://www.inverse.com/innovation/fart-monitoring-ai Dagger made of frozen poop debunked (or, at the very least, not effective in lab conditions) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352409X19305371 https://nautil.us/the-problem-with-the-frozen-poop-knife-study-237572/ https://www.cbc.ca/radio/asithappens/as-it-happens-friday-edition-1.5282456/why-scientists-tried-and-failed-to-make-a-knife-out-of-frozen-poop-1.5282458 [Ask the Science Couch] Period poops (progesterone/estrogen & prostaglandins) https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/24411-prostaglandins https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3297513/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3823955 https://health.clevelandclinic.org/why-do-you-poop-more-on-your-period/

In honor of Valentine's Day, that most cherished day of beauty and love, the Tangents crew gets real down and dirty by telling you more than you could ever want to know about sex harpoons, cannibalism, living sperm, and some other utterly un-romantic methods of copulation employed by the animal kingdom! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley, Mike A, and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen

You need to clean a smudge of your glasses? Use some spit! Gotta make some food moist so you can swallow it? Why not try spit? Lips too dry to whistle a tune? My friend, spit is the bodily excretion for you! Spit: don't leave home without it! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Minor salivary glands https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/researchers-may-have-discovered-new-organ-set-salivary-glands-hidden-your-head-180976104/ [Fact Off] Bowerbird making “paint” out of saliva https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3996615/ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.2005.0908-8857.03549.x https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003347213001097?via%3Dihub https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0325 https://australian.museum/learn/animals/birds/satin-bowerbird/ https://australian.museum/learn/animals/birds/satin-bowerbird/ Spitting cobras evolved to defend against hominids throwing rocks https://www.newsweek.com/how-it-feels-acobra-spits-face-revealed-excruciating-detail-1749490 https://www.earthtouchnews.com/discoveries/discoveries/spitting-cobras-may-have-evolved-unique-venom-to-defend-from-ancient-humans/ https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2021/01/study-did-cobras-first-spit-venom-scare-pre-humans [Ask the Science Couch] Compressing salivary glands aka “gleeking” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542272/ https://www.health.com/mind-body/what-is-gleeking http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/pregastric/salivary.html [Butt One More Thing] Dung-spitting competitions https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dung-spitting-contest-northern-ireland_n_55ae6aebe4b0a9b9485290c1 https://www.ripleys.com/weird-news/bokdrol-spoeg/ https://www.sbnation.com/lookit/2014/8/1/5960987/spitting-antelope-poop-is-a-sport-kudu-bokdrol-spoeg

Original Airdate: February 19, 2019 It seems like everyone's using Artificial Intelligence these days, so we thought we'd dip back into our archives for a little refresher on just what the heck AI even is. Plus, meet the character find of 2023: President Smartest Dog in the World!

You can bounce it, you can stretch it, heck... some people even chew it! That's right, it's rubber! And at long last, the Tangents team is finally talking about it! You all really wanted an episode about rubber, right? Well, we made it anyway, so you have to listen. SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Definition] Mesoamerican rubber recipe https://news.mit.edu/2010/mayaball-0524 [Trivia Question] Koosh ball filaments https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/73583/12-kooky-facts-about-koosh-balls [Fact Off] Mimicking birdsong with a rubber tube https://softmath.seas.harvard.edu/publication/controllable-biomimetic-birdsong/ https://seas.harvard.edu/news/2011/01/simple-rubber-devices-mimic-complex-bird-songs https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-12093906 Mayan dental care & harvesting chicle as gum https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1870-249X2018000100007 https://scholar.smu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1020&context=fieldandlab https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0008621500827755 https://bda.org/museum/collections/teeth-and-dentures/mayan-tooth https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352409X22000980#b0200

From a bunny’s seemingly-useless fluffy li’l puffball to a scorpion’s practical and deadly venom-filled stinger, the world is filled with all sorts of wonderful tails! And heck, some of them aren’t even tails at all, but that’s ok! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Seahorse square tail segments https://today.ucsd.edu/story/why_the_seahorses_tail_is_square_and_how_it_could_be_an_inspiration [Fact Off] Swallowtail butterfly tails protect from attacking damage https://www.sciencenews.org/article/butterfly-wing-tail-loss-break-birds-escape https://phys.org/news/2022-06-evidence-butterflies-tails-distract-predators.html https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2022.0562 Bird-of-paradise light-absorbing tail feathers https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-02088-w https://www.allaboutbirds.org/news/new-vogelkop-superb-bird-of-paradise-changes-up-the-old-song-and-dance/ https://www.theverge.com/2019/8/20/20813054/vantablack-ultrablack-black-material-surrey-nanosystems-carbon-nanotubes-science-materials [Ask the Science Couch] Evolutionary tail loss in some primates (apes) https://www.science.org/content/article/jumping-gene-may-have-erased-tails-humans-and-other-apes-and-boosted-our-risk-birth-defects https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.14.460388v1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3263034/ https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/why-don-t-humans-have-tails [Butt One More Thing] Ant head mimicry on wasp tail/metasoma Image: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Posterior-metasomal-tergites-and-ovipositor-of-Clistopyga-caramba-sp-nov-holotype_fig2_281632324 https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4013.2.9 https://phys.org/news/2021-09-segments-scorpion-metasoma.html

From precious oxygen to the lowly fart, every day we’re all wallowing around in an invisible soup of gas! Exciting, isn’t it? Tune in to go into an exciting adventure into the world of gas with Sam, Ceri, and Dr. Tubeboy! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Horace Wells and Nitrous Oxide/Laughing Gas https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article/119/5/1014/13670/Horace-Wells-Demonstration-of-Nitrous-Oxide-in [Fact Off] History of the storage/transportation of gas (cylinders, gas holders, bamboo) https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/natural_gas_basics.html https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/0471238961.0701190519160509.a01 https://www.apga.org/apgamainsite/aboutus/facts/history-of-natural-gas https://www.jstor.org/stable/24969284 https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_2603 https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.1086/349362 https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/professional_theses/147/ https://www.nortegas.es/en/our-business/distribution-of-natural-gas/history-of-natural-gas/ Canaries to detect carbon monoxide in mines & resuscitating them with oxygen https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/story-real-canary-coal-mine-180961570/ [Ask the Science Couch] Fart/flatus noises from anal sphincter https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8601379/ https://www.menshealth.com/health/a19545944/fart-noises/ https://flatology.com/consider-the-sphincter/ https://urogynecology.nm.org/anal-incontinence.html [Butt One More Thing] Snake cloacal popping https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/377052

It's the time of year for old acquaintances to be forgot, but SciShow Tangents has never been one to bow to convention! So this week, we're remembering all our dang acquaintances and way more as we dive deep on the concept of Memory! Want more Deboki? Check her out at https://twitter.com/okidoki_boki to find info on all of the many projects she works on! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Truth or Fail] Imprinting in general https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.736999/full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4726915/ Pekin duckling different eye, different memories https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003347216302597?via%3Dihub https://phys.org/news/2016-11-ducklings-memory-banks-visual.html California condor puppet funerals https://www.nature.com/news/2007/070806/full/news070806-3.html#B1 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/zoo.20151 Siberian cranes imprint for migration https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1377&context=nacwgproc https://savingcranes.org/learn/species-field-guide/siberian-crane/ https://amp.theguardian.com/news/2006/apr/01/guardianobituaries.mainsection [Trivia Question] Chaser (Border Collie) remembering unique object names https://webs.wofford.edu/reidak/Pubs/Pilley%20and%20Reid%202011.pdf https://www.goupstate.com/story/news/2019/07/26/world-famous-dog-chaser-dies-at-15/4597342007/ https://www.goupstate.com/story/news/2021/11/02/spartanburg-community-college-new-mascot-scc-chasers-chaser-the-border-collie-south-carolina/6199107001/ [Fact Off] Taking Photos Makes Memory Worse https://www.binghamton.edu/news/story/3079/taking-photos-can-impair-your-memory-of-events https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/08/05/1022041431/to-remember-the-moment-try-taking-fewer-photos [Ask the Science Couch] Remembering commercial jingles rather than “important” names and dates https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fxge0001050 https://muse.jhu.edu/article/269004 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0086170 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0305735611406578 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0305735611418553 https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-35459-001 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.896285/full [Butt One More Thing] Poop amnesia or vasovagal syncope https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6067056/ https://www.iflscience.com/woman-loses-10-years-of-memories-due-to-bad-case-of-constipation-52589 https://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/constipated-woman-lost-10-years-of-memories-after-straining-too-hard/F5X2BVV6FWFXH7NNZZFG2IGEYA/

Jack frost ain't just nipping at our noses where we live, he's basically biting them off! Ouch! So we thought we'd learn a little about what "cold" even is, and you may not be too surprised to hear that the answer is way, way more complicated than you'd think. Bundle up and take a listen! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Coldest temperature - Bremen drop tower height https://www.livescience.com/coldest-temperature-ever [Fact Off] Freeze dried potato made by the Altiplano https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tJrOJg2a-_Y https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210715-chuno-the-andean-secret-to-making-potatoes-last-decades https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/chunos-potatoes-feet Caloric reflex/vestibular test https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003429.htm https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/caloric-vestibular-test https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10863/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4325576/

sniff sniff... What is that awful smell? Ah, it's our stinky, old games! I mean, just look at Truth or Fail! It's all covered in mold! Good thing Deboki's here this week to try out some fresh, exciting new games with us! scWant more Deboki? Check her out at https://twitter.com/okidoki_boki to find info on all of the many projects she works on! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen

It's said that the dose makes the poison, but that doesn't change the fact that some poison is just more poison-y than others. This week, we get a lethal dose of venomous knowledge! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen Sources: [Definition] Toxin vs. poison vs. venom https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12062 https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/whats-in-a-name-venoms-vs-poisons-toxinology-101 [Dead or Not Dead] [Trivia Question] Belgian musicians getting sick from botulism https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133258/#b01 https://www.jstor.org/stable/30099331 [Fact Off] Ants disinfect using their butt poison https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(18)31147-3 https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/736123 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982212013784 https://www2.palomar.edu/users/warmstrong/Antintro.htm https://elifesciences.org/articles/60287 https://www.mississippientomologicalmuseum.org.msstate.edu/Researchtaxapages/Formicidaepages/genericpages/Lasius.neglectus.htm Bacteriophage that stole spider venom protein https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evo-news/black-widow-virus-results-from-evolution-not-genetic-engineering/ https://www.livescience.com/56443-black-widow-spider-dna-found-inside-virus.html https://news.vanderbilt.edu/2016/10/11/virus-carrying-dna-of-black-widow-spider-toxin-discovered/ https://www.newscientist.com/article/2108671-virus-steals-black-widow-poison-gene-to-help-it-attack/ [Ask the Science Couch] Effects of ingesting venom https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6266834/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0273230014003419?via%3Dihub https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7985199/ https://www.jem-journal.com/article/S0736-4679(15)01377-3/fulltext https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3349795/ [Butt One More Thing] Goats can deactivate poisonous plant compounds https://calag.ucanr.edu/Archive/?article=ca.v046n03p4 https://agresearchfoundation.oregonstate.edu/sites/agresearchfoundation.oregonstate.edu/files/bionaz_2014-16_final.pdf https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031938409002510?via%3Dihub

In a universe of chaos, one scrappy form of highly-ordered solid matter dares to be different: crystals! And crystal expert Tyler Thrasher is here to tell us all we need to know about them! Want more Tyler Thrasher (and who wouldn't?!)? Check out https://tylerthrasher.com to learn more about his myriad of other projects! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen

It's just about Thanksgiving here in the US; a special time during which we count our blessings. And this year, Tangents is giving you an extra thing to be thankful for: Stefan's our special guest! Our long lost co-host returns to talk to us about wings: birds love to use 'em, people love to eat 'em, and planes need them too, I guess. Sit around the table with us, won't you, as we pass out some heaping helpings of science knowledge. Pass the gravy! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Number of bird wings in the Burke Museum https://www.burkemuseum.org/collections-and-research/biology/ornithology https://www.audubon.org/news/behind-scenes-worlds-largest-bird-wing-collection https://www.burkemuseum.org/collections-and-research/biology/ornithology/collections-database/results.php?l=20&o=0&n=40653&m=32557&f=&g=&s=17h%7EIymyNd1yIp&w=PfHdywfPYczv2Y01KbF0&wo=PHdywPYjdyhNdQIY1KbF [Fact Off] Club-winged manakins use wing feathers to chirp/sing Video & audio: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tSHjhCN6NC0 Audio-only clips: https://ebird.org/species/clwman1 Picture of feathers: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PipraWing.jpg https://news.cornell.edu/stories/2005/07/rare-south-american-bird-sings-its-feathers-attract-mate-cornell-researcher-finds https://www.allaboutbirds.org/news/singing-with-his-wings-the-club-winged-manakins-display/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3440988/ [Ask the Science Couch] Planes flying upside down https://www1.grc.nasa.gov/beginners-guide-to-aeronautics/what-is-lift/ https://www.popsci.com/flying-upside-down-physics/ https://www.flyingmag.com/why-can-airplanes-fly-upside-down/ https://howthingsfly.si.edu/ask-an-explainer/how-do-planes-fly-upside-down [Butt One More Thing] Airplane and wing butt lines http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/design/q0289.shtml https://www.aircraftsystemstech.com/p/location-numbering-systems-even-on.html https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/72611/what-is-the-difference-between-a-wing-station-and-wing-buttock-line http://www.techdrawingtools.com/24/l2402.htm

Before you listen, just take a moment to think about how sight works: Light comes out of the sun, bounces off of a tree (or whatever), goes inside of your head, and hits some nerves which send signals to your brain which turns that into an image of a tree (or whatever)... I wouldn't believe it if I weren't looking at this screen and typing these words right now! Also, what better medium to talk about seeing stuff than a podcast! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Colossal squid eye size https://www.tepapa.govt.nz/discover-collections/read-watch-play/science/anatomy-colossal-squid/eyes-colossal-squid https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/invertebrates/largest-eye-world-giant-squid [Fact Off] Climbing vine can mimic plastic plant leaves https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-02229-8 https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/the-sneaky-life-of-the-worlds-most-mysterious-plant Ogre-faced spider eye membrane regeneration https://www.jstor.org/stable/77314 https://australian.museum/learn/animals/spiders/how-spiders-see-the-world/ https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/Creatures/MISC/SPIDERS/ogre_faced_spider_Deinopis_spinosa.htm https://bionumbers.hms.harvard.edu/bionumber.aspx?id=116061 [Ask the Science Couch] Human visible spectrum & eye evolution https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5093619/ https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141218210100.htm https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1004884 https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/gb-2005-6-3-213 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2013.2995 https://www.theguardian.com/science/2002/may/30/medicalscience.research [Butt One More Thing] Tadpole butt eye transplant http://jeb.biologists.org/content/216/6/1031 https://slate.com/technology/2013/03/tadpole-eye-transplants-reveal-neuroplasticity-in-tufts-lab.html

This week, we investigate one of the more complicated, fraught, mysterious, and downright unpleasant ways we and lots of other living things navigate the world: pain. From headaches to scorpion stings, there's lots of ways to get hurt, but is anything as painful as Hank's Liam Neeson impression? Let's find out! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy your very own, genuine SciShow Tangents sticker! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Tom Mosner for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Trivia Question] Walking on LEGOs https://science.discoveryplace.org/blog/ever-wonder-why-it-hurts-when-you-step-on-a-lego-brick https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/469467-farthest-distance-walking-on-lego-bricks [Fact Off] Bees making motivational trade-off based on pain & sugar https://www.science.org/content/article/bees-may-feel-pain https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2205821119 Grasshopper mice block pain from scorpion venom https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1236451 https://www.nature.com/articles/nrn3404 https://brill.com/view/journals/beh/99/3-4/article-p275_5.xml?language=en https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003347205004318 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=izizsAodOCk [Ask the Science Couch] Pain modulation & inhibition (with other pain or distraction) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jL9GgdsyHtA https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0987705320301465 https://journals.lww.com/pain/Citation/2014/04000/Pain_modulation_profile_and_pain_therapy__Between.5.aspx https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-26882/v3 https://journals.lww.com/painrpts/Fulltext/2022/06000/Conditioned_pain_modulation_is_associated_with.10.aspx https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7689692/ [Butt One More Thing] “Bubble Butt Syndrome” sea turtle injury https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/-/media/OEH/Corporate-Site/Documents/Animals-and-plants/Native-animals/rescued-sea-turtles-treatment-care-guidelines-210143.pdf https://cse.umn.edu/college/feature-stories/shoring-seemore-sea-turtles-shell https://www.turtlehospital.org/sea-turtle-injuries/