After the gathering at Standing Rock, legislators across the United States passed laws in the name of “protecting critical infrastructure,” especially pipelines. At the same time, attacks on the electrical grid have increased almost 300%. But that threat isn’t coming from environmental activists. It’s coming from neo-Nazis. This is the second episode in our series examining the landscape of environmental protest in the United States, from Standing Rock to Cop City and beyond. Listen to the first episode here. As the space for protest in the United States shrinks, this year marked a major escalation: the first police killing of an environmental protestor in the United States, plus the arrests of dozens of people at protests under the charge of domestic terrorism. Featuring Naomi Dix, Lauren Mathers, Jon Wellinghoff, Will Potter, Hannah Gais, Alex Amend, Aurielle Marie, and Madeline Thigpen. Special thanks to Micah Herskind, Mike German, Yessenia Funes, Clark White. SUPPORT Our free newsletter is just as fun to read as this podcast is to listen to. Sign-up here. Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of the show. Talk to us! Follow Outside/In on Instagram or discuss the show in our private listener group on Facebook. Submit a question to the Outside/Inbox. We answer queries about the natural world, climate change, sustainability, and human evolution. You can send a voice memo to outsidein@nhpr.org or leave a message on our hotline, 1-844-GO-OTTER (844-466-8837). LINKS Further reading on the ideology of far-right accelerationism by Alex Amend Hannah Gais’ reporting on Atomwaffen and the planned Baltimore grid attack Check out this excellent explainer on Cop City in Scalawag Magazine, written by Micah Herskind. Read “The Forest for the Trees” in The Bitter Southerner, a profile of life in the “forest defender” camp in the Weelaunee Forest. It includes a conversation with the late Manuel Esteban Paez Terán, better known at Tortuguita. More than 60 human rights and environmental organizations signed this letter condemning the domestic terrorism charges in Atlanta, Georgia. Unicorn Riot’s livestream of the police action at the concert. Two activists face felony charges for distributing flyers which identified a police officer linked to Tortuguita’s killing. Plus, leaders of a bail fund were arrested on charges of charity fraud for their support of the people recently charged with domestic terrorism – as the Atlanta Press Collective reports, the history of bail funds in the United States goes back to the Civil Rights movement. CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Justine Paradis Mixed by Justine Paradis and Taylor Quimby Edited by Taylor Quimby with help from Jack Rodolico, Rebecca Lavoie, Felix Poon, Jessica Hunt, Jeongyoon Han, and Nate Hegyi Executive producer: Rebecca Lavoie Music came from Blue Dot Sessions, Autohacker, Blacksona, The Big Let Down, and Hatamitsunami. Audio of the events after the concert in the South River Forest was recorded in a livestream by Unicorn Riot and shared under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio.

When members of the Oceti Sakowin gathered near the Standing Rock Reservation to protest the Dakota Access Pipeline, they decided on a strategy of nonviolent direct action. No violence… against people. But sabotage of property – well, that’s another question entirely. Since the gathering at Standing Rock, anti-protest legislation backed by the fossil fuel industry has swept across the country. What happened? When is environmental protest considered acceptable… and when is it seen as a threat? This is the first of two episodes exploring the changing landscape of environmental protest in the United States, from Standing Rock to Cop City and beyond. Part II will be released on June 8. Featuring Chase Iron Eyes, Tokata Iron Eyes, Lesley Wood, Elly Page, and Connor Gibson. Special thanks to Phyllis Young and everyone at the Lakota People’s Law Project, especially Daniel Nelson and Jesse Phelps. Thanks also to Soundings Mindful Media. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member. Subscribe to our (free) newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS We highly recommend the podcast Burn Wild, investigative reporter Leah Sottile’s excellent series on the Earth Liberation Front. It centers on the question, “How far is too far to stop the planet burning?” Use the ICNL’s US Protest Law Tracker to look up anti-protest and critical infrastructure bills by state or by issue. “Exploring the sound of the American Indian occupation of Alcatraz”, produced by the Berkeley Voices program, and footage of the occupation, compiled by the Bay Area TV Archive. For even more context on AIM, we recommend listening to Buffy, a podcast series on Buffy Sainte Marie, a Piapot Cree Nation singer-songwriter whose record “Now That the Buffalo’s Gone” was an anthem during the occupation of Alcatraz. The Intercept’s reported extensively on Standing Rock and TigerSwan. They’ve also made the leaked documents available for anyone to read, and recently published this investigation on TigerSwan’s strategy of misinformation, in collaboration with Grist. This critique of How to Blow Up a Pipeline calls the book “reckless,” arguing that Andreas Malm “has a tendency of rehashing many well-established anarchist ideas.” CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported, written, and produced by Justine Paradis Mixed by Justine Paradis and Taylor Quimby Edited by Taylor Quimby with help from Nate Hegyi, Felix Poon, Rebecca Lavoie, and Jessica Hunt Executive producer: Rebecca Lavoie Music by Podington Bear, Skylines, Cory Gray, Cooper Cannell, and Blue Dot Sessions. Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio.

As a candidate, Joe Biden called himself a climate change pioneer. He promised a green energy revolution. More renewables, way less fossil fuels, and a carbon-neutral economy by 2050. So two years in, how’s he doing? Outside/In host Nate Hegyi speaks with a political scientist and an environmental activist to figure out where Biden has pushed his climate agenda, where he hasn’t, and whether he’s an octopus or a bighorn sheep. Featuring: Aseem Prakash, Jean Su SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our newsletter (it’s free!). Follow Outside/In on Instagram or join our private discussion group on Facebook. Submit a question to the “Outside/Inbox.” We answer queries about the natural world, climate change, sustainability, and human evolution. You can send a voice memo to outsidein@nhpr.org or leave a message on our hotline, 1-844-GO-OTTER (844-466-8837). CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Nate Hegyi Mixed by Nate Hegyi and Taylor Quimby Edited by Taylor Quimby The Outside/In team also includes Justine Paradis, Felix Poon, and Jessica Hunt Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Music for this episode by Blue Dot Sessions Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio

There are few physical challenges more uncomfortable than holding your breath underwater as long as you can. But if your duty is to pull downed military personnel from waters all over the world, you need to prove your ability to perform in the most hostile and unforgiving conditions. That’s why the Air Force has long made breath holds part of its training programs for parajumpers, or parachute rescue specialists. This week, we’re featuring an episode from our friends at the Outside Podcast (not to be confused with Outside/In) about a parajumper candidate who finds himself facing elimination from training for the most surprising reason: he can hold his breath way too long. Featuring Travis Morgan and Alex Hutchinson Listen to more from the Outside Podcast here. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member. Subscribe to our (free) newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook CREDITS This episode of the Outside Podcast was produced and hosted by Peter Frick-Wright. Editing and music by Robbie Carver. Outside/In Host: Nate Hegyi Outside/In Executive producer: Rebecca Lavoie Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio.

While the taps are running dry and reservoirs are disappearing in Arizona, a corporate farm from Saudi Arabia is pumping massive amounts of groundwater to grow alfalfa for cows back in the Middle East. Now, after years of inaction, Arizonans are pointing the finger at what they see as a foreign invader slurping up the last gulps of a diminishing water supply. But the truth is more complicated. In this episode, we dig deep into the history of Arizona’s water crisis and uncover a tale of dates, camels and dairy cows, and try to find out who’s really to blame for the West’s water crisis. Featuring: Natalie Koch. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook If you’ve got a question for the Outside/Inbox hotline, give us a call! We’re always looking for rabbit holes to dive down into. Leave us a voicemail at: 1-844-GO-OTTER (844-466-8837), or email us at outsidein@nhpr.org. LINKS Read Arid Empire: The Entangled Fates of Arizona and Arabia, by Natalie Koch. Listen to the six-part podcast series Thirst Gap: Learning to live with less on the Colorado River, by KUNC. Listen to Parched, a podcast about people who rely on the river that shaped the West, and have ideas to save it, by Colorado Public Radio. CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Produced by Felix Poon and Nate Hegyi Mixed by Felix Poon Edited by Taylor Quimby Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Music for this episode by Blue Dot Sessions. Our theme music is by Breakmaster Cylinder. Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio.

The team peers into the Outside/Inbox to answer listener questions on the theme of “green,” a prompt which sends us exploring the hanging gardens of Babylon, xeriscaping, and the evolution of the human eye. 1: What’s the benefit of being evergreen? 2: How water-friendly is my lawn? 3: How many city buildings have green roofs? 4: Why did we evolve to see so many different shades of green? Featuring Georgia Silvera Seamans, Rubab Saher, Kate England, Abraham Wu, and Adriana Briscoe. Special thanks to Steven Peck. How to submit a question to the Outside/Inbox Call our hotline, 1-844-GO-OTTER, and leave a voicemail. Send a voice recording to outsidein@nhpr.org. We also post regular call-outs for questions in our stories on Instagram. We’re seeking questions on a new theme for an upcoming episode: “the deeps.” Think caves, life underground, geothermal energy, and deep existential questions about our life on earth. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our newsletter (it’s free!). Follow Outside/In on Instagram or join our private discussion group on Facebook. LINKS Check out the Washington Square Park Eco Projects, which includes a map of city trees, a seasonal change monitoring project, and bird surveys. Project Drawdown on green roofs as a key climate solution Abraham Wu’s research on mapping green roofs Exploring the relationship between turfgrass and city heat Our own reporting on the American love of lawns, and the impact on the desert CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Justine Paradis, Jeongyoon Han, Felix Poon, and Jessica Hunt. Edited by Taylor Quimby and Justine Paradis. Executive producer: Rebecca Lavoie Music by spring gang, Molife, Apollo, Autohacker, Diamond Ortiz, and Chris Zabriskie. Our theme music is by Breakmaster Cylinder. Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio.

In the late 1950s, engineer Herb Ueda Sr. traveled to a remote Arctic military base. His mission? To drill through nearly a mile of ice, and extract the world’s first complete ice core. To finish the job, he and his team would endure sub-zero weather, toxic chemicals, and life inside a military base… which was slowly being crushed by the glacier from which it was carved. Producer Daniel Ackerman takes us inside Camp Century, and explains how a foundational moment in climate science is inextricably linked with the story of the United States military. Featuring Curt La Bombard, Julie Brigham-Grette, Herb Ueda Jr., Don Garfield, and Aleqa Hammond. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of the show. Subscribe to our newsletter (it’s free!). Follow Outside/In on Instagram or join our private discussion group on Facebook. Submit a question to the “Outside/Inbox.” We answer queries about the natural world, climate change, sustainability, and human evolution. You can send a voice memo to outsidein@nhpr.org or leave a message on our hotline, 1-844-GO-OTTER (844-466-8837). LINKS If you want to see footage from inside Camp Century, check out this Department of Defense archival film, “Research and Development Progress Report No. 6.” For a little Cold War context, watch this 1951 Civil Defense Film called “Duck and Cover”, featuring Bert the Turtle. Here's a book about the history of Camp Century, which includes a chapter on the ice core drilling project. To see some amazing photos, and read about how scientists are still learning new things from the Camp Century core after rediscovering sediment samples in 2017, check out this blog post from the European Geosciences Union. Learn more about the NSF Ice Core Facility in Colorado, where sections of the Camp Century ice core are currently stored. CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Daniel Ackerman Mixed and edited by Taylor Quimby Editing help from Justine Paradis and Felix Poon Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Special thanks today to Carrie Harris, Holly Ueda, Chester Langway, Nancy Langway, Laura Kissel, and the Polar Archives at The Ohio State University Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center Music by Amaranth Cove and Blue Dot Sessions Our theme music is by Breakmaster Cylinder. Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio

Right now, we’re investing billions of dollars into charging infrastructure in order to speed up the transition to electric cars and decarbonize transportation. But there are all sorts of problems that EVs won’t solve: bumper-to-bumper traffic, extractive metal mining, and car collisions that kill tens of thousands of drivers, passengers, cyclists, and pedestrians every year in the US. That’s why transit activists say we need to rethink the way we get around. Because learning to drive less isn’t just about safer streets and better quality of life – it’s also key to winning the race to net zero. Featuring: Effie Kong, Jascha Franklin-Hodge, LaShea Johnson, Alex Hudson, Edwin Lindo, Thea Riofrancos. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS Read more about Boston’s 3-year plan to expand the city’s biking infrastructure, make crosswalks safer for pedestrians, and offer biking classes to women and gender-diverse adults. The Seattle Department of Transportation (SDOT) is in the middle of getting feedback on the Seattle Transportation Plan on how to build a safer and more efficient transportation system. Read about Cul De Sac Tempe, a new car-free community in Arizona, where residents are contractually forbidden from parking within a quarter-mile radius of the site. (Bloomberg) According to studies in Cambridge, MA and Toronto, Canada, bike lanes have a neutral or even positive impact on local businesses, even if some parking spaces are taken away. A paper in the journal Energy Research & Social Science describes the EV transition as “a wolf in sheep’s clothing” and argues that private vehicle electrification is neither effective, nor equitable. This LA Times Op-ed argues that switching to electric cars isn’t enough to solve climate change. Studies say pedestrians and bikers are more likely to be hit by EVs and cause more damage because they’re quieter and heavier than gas cars. Archival audio in this episode come from the 1953 film The American Road funded by Ford Motor Company, and Futurama at the 1939 NY World’s Fair. CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Felix Poon Mixed by Felix Poon and Taylor Quimby Edited by Taylor Quimby Editing help from Rebecca lavoie, Justine Paradis, Jessica Hunt, and Mara Haplamazian Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Music for this episode by Blue Dot Sessions, and Roy Edwin Williams Our theme music is by Breakmaster Cylinder. Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio

Transitioning to electric vehicles is essential to meeting our climate goals. But there are so many barriers to overcome – from expanding EV charging infrastructure, to updating the power grid, to mining the metals that make batteries go. In the first of a two-part series on decarbonizing transportation, we try to answer the critical question: is it all happening fast enough to avoid the worst climate impacts? Featuring: Craig Bentley, Nora Naughton, Sara Baldwin, Thea Riofrancos If you’ve got a question for the Outside/Inbox hotline, give us a call! We’re always looking for rabbit holes to dive down into. Leave us a voicemail at: 1-844-GO-OTTER (844-466-8837), or email us at outsidein@nhpr.org. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS EV transition predictive models The 2035 report (Goldman School of Public Policy, UC Berkeley) The long road to electric cars (Reuters) Consumer education and survey findings EV charging levels explained (US DOT) GM EV Live In a Consumer Report's survey and a Reuters/Ipsos survey, more than a third of Americans say they'd consider buying an EV for their next car. Charging infrastructure The Electric Vehicle Road Test (Wall Street Journal) Federal money is now headed to states for building up fast EV chargers on highways (NPR) The grid Why Electric Vehicles Won’t Break the Grid (Scientific American An explosion in proposed clean energy ventures has overwhelmed the system for connecting new power sources to homes and businesses (NY Times) Metal extraction Listen to our episode The lithium gold rush, an in-depth look at where lithium comes from, and who’s being affected by mining it. Read the Achieving Zero Emissions with More Mobility and Less Mining report by Thea Riofrancos. CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Felix Poon Mixed by Felix Poon and Taylor Quimby Edited by Taylor Quimby Editing help from Rebecca lavoie, Justine Paradis, Jessica Hunt, and Mara Haplamazian Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Music for this episode by Blue Dot Sessions, and Roy Edwin Williams Our theme music is by Breakmaster Cylinder. Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio.

The Underdogs Ep3: You sell your soul What caused the Peranos to abandon their dogs and screw so many people over? Nate enlists the help of a New Zealand journalist to find out. More about Outside/In presents The Underdogs: A few months ago, Outside/In host Nate Hegyi got a tip from the highest levels of the dog sledding community. It was about the first team from New Zealand to complete the Iditarod, a 1,000-mile race across some of Alaska’s harshest terrain. Over the past decade, Curt and Fleur Perano have transformed their success on the trail into a flourishing mushing tourism business in their home country’s south island. Some of their dogs have even appeared in a Marvel movie and a Taylor Swift music video. But behind the scenes, in the usually-guarded world of competitive dog sledding, the Peranos have burned bridges, destroyed friendships, and left a trail of debt totaling tens of thousands of dollars. In this special Outside/In mini-series, Nate investigates a story one musher describes as “one dead body away from Tiger King,” and exposes the singular culture within the world of elite mushing. Featuring: Amanda Hasenauer, Jodi Bailey, Jenn Fisher, Jeff Fisher, Tony Turner, Gemma Nave, Tim Brown SUPPORT Outside/In presents The Underdogs is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS Check out the history of working dogs here. More than a dozen tourists have written bad reviews about Underdog sled dog tours on Tripadvisor and Google. That bicycle ride Nate mentioned? It was part of an award-winning reporting project about the 2020 election. CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Nate Hegyi Edited and mixed by Taylor Quimby Editing help from Rebecca Lavoie, Jack Rodolico, Justine Paradis, Felix Poon, and Jessica Hunt Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Music for this episode by Blue Dot Sessions, Dylan Sitts, Joseph Beg, Hanna Lindgren, and Amaranth Cove. Outside/In presents The Underdogs is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio

The Underdogs Ep2: It has to be earned Nate flies to Minnesota to follow a new lead about the New Zealand racing team. Advisory: This episode contains brief descriptions of injured animals and animal abuse that may be disturbing to some listeners. More about Outside/In presents The Underdogs: A few months ago, Outside/In host Nate Hegyi got a tip from the highest levels of the dog sledding community. It was about the first team from New Zealand to complete the Iditarod, a 1,000-mile race across some of Alaska’s harshest terrain. Over the past decade, Curt and Fleur Perano have transformed their success on the trail into a flourishing mushing tourism business in their home country’s south island. Some of their dogs have even appeared in a Marvel movie and a Taylor Swift music video. But behind the scenes, in the usually-guarded world of competitive dog sledding, the Peranos have burned bridges, destroyed friendships, and left a trail of debt totaling tens of thousands of dollars. In this special Outside/In mini-series, Nate investigates a story one musher describes as “one dead body away from Tiger King,” and exposes the singular culture within the world of elite mushing. Featuring: Jamie Nelson, Jodi Bailey, Mike Williams Sr., and Amanda Hasenauer SUPPORT Outside/In presents The Underdogs is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS Humane Mushing (an advocacy group whose motto is “dog first, sport second”) used to compile an annual list of Iditarod sled dog deaths and injuries. Their information is taken from official race reports and Iditarod media advisories. (Humane Mushing) Check it out: Alaska Natives took the top three spots in the 2023 Iditarod. (NPR) An in-depth profile of Dallas Seavey, a five-time Iditarod winner who was publicly accused – and then publicly cleared – of doping his dogs. (GQ) CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Nate Hegyi Edited and mixed by Taylor Quimby Editing help from Rebecca Lavoie, Jack Rodolico, Justine Paradis, Felix Poon, and Jessica Hunt Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Graphics by Sara Plourde Music for this episode by Blue Dot Sessions, Dylan Sitts, Joseph Beg, Hanna Lindgren, and Amaranth Cove. Outside/In presents The Underdogs is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio

The Underdogs Ep1: Honey and vinegar Outside/In host Nate Hegyi gets a surprising tip that leads him into the frozen and tight-knit world of competitive sled dog racing in Alaska. More about Outside/In presents The Underdogs: A few months ago, Outside/In host Nate Hegyi got a tip from the highest levels of the dog sledding community. It was about the first team from New Zealand to complete the Iditarod, a 1,000-mile race across some of Alaska’s harshest terrain. Over the past decade, Curt and Fleur Perano have transformed their success on the trail into a flourishing mushing tourism business in their home country’s south island. Some of their dogs have even appeared in a Marvel movie and a Taylor Swift music video. But behind the scenes, in the usually-guarded world of competitive dog sledding, the Peranos have burned bridges, destroyed friendships, and left a trail of debt totaling tens of thousands of dollars. In this special Outside/In mini-series, Nate investigates a story one musher describes as “one dead body away from Tiger King,” and exposes the singular culture within the world of elite mushing. Featuring: Jodi Bailey, Austin Sorem, Dan Kaduce, Jamie Nelson, and Marine Kuhn. SUPPORT Outside/In presents The Underdogs is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS Check out the results from the 2023 Iditarod Read the actual Iditarod rule (Rule 34) that states wild game animals killed in self-defense must be gutted and reported to a race official at the next checkpoint. To learn more about the physiology of Alaskan huskies, check out this TEDx talk from Michael Davis: “Canines in Combat and Competition” Read a review of Blair Braverman’s memoir, “Welcome to the Goddamn Ice Cube”. CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Nate Hegyi Edited and mixed by Taylor Quimby Editing help from Rebecca Lavoie, Jack Rodolico, Justine Paradis, Felix Poon, and Jessica Hunt Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Music for this episode by Blue Dot Sessions, Dylan Sitts, Rand Aldo, and Amaranth Cove. Outside/In presents The Underdogs is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio

A few months ago, Outside/In host Nate Hegyi got a tip from the highest levels of the dog sledding community. It was about the first team from New Zealand to complete the Iditarod, a 1,000-mile race across some of Alaska’s harshest terrain; a pair of mushers that have transformed their success on the trail into a flourishing tourism business in their home country’s south island. But behind the scenes, in the usually-guarded world of competitive dog sledding, they've burned bridges, destroyed friendships, and left a trail of debt totaling tens of thousands of dollars. In this trailer, get a first look at our upcoming three-part series: Outside/In presents The Underdogs. Look for the first episode in your feeds next week, March 16th. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our newsletter.

Once upon a time, potpourri was a popular way to freshen up a space. Now, for some, it feels a bit like the lava lamp of fragrance: an outdated fad from a bygone decade. So, why was potpourri so popular in the 1980’s, and what happened to it? Did the trend dry up… or just evolve? We explore the transformation of potpourri, from the fermented mush of the Victorian era to the perfumed and colorful bag of pine cones of the eighties, and talk to a few of the people still making potpourri today. This episode was originally published in September 2021. Featuring Yvette Weaver, Carly Still, Laure Moutet, Autumn Anderson, Paulus, and Ednita Tingle. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our newsletter. LINKS An 1895 recipe from Sweet from Sweet Scented Flowers and Fragrant Leaves for 50-year moist potpourri (the recipe begins on page 42). From Death Scents: more fascinating info on the history of medieval trends that predate potpourri and the rise of “rotten pot” potpourri. Fragrant Potpourri Preserves the Floral Scents of Summer: A 1975 NYT article that bridges the gap between moist and dried potpourri recipes. A 1988 Glade Potpourri Spray commercial CREDITS Hosted by Justine Paradis Reported and produced by Taylor Quimby Edited by Justine Paradis Executive Producer: Rebecca Lavoie Mixed by Taylor Quimby Additional editing by Felix Poon and Jessica Hunt Special thanks to Rosalyn LaPier, Mark Nesbit, and to NHPR’s voices from the ‘80s: Nick Capodice, Josh Rogers, Emily Quirk, Patricia McLaughlin, Rick Ganley, and Rebecca Lavoie. Theme music by Breakmaster Cylinder Additional music by Blue Dot Sessions and Ben Nestor

If you own land in the United States, do you also own the airspace above it? In other words, who owns the sky? The answer begins with a medieval Roman principle of property rights, which made it all the way to American courts: “Whoever owns the soil, it is theirs up to Heaven and down to Hell." We asked our friends Nick Capodice and Hannah McCarthy, cohosts of Civics 101, to join us to explore the uniquely American philosophy of property, to the moon and back. Featuring Colin Jerolmack, Michael Heller, George Anthony Long, and Deondre Smiles, with special guests Nick Capodice and Hannah McCarthy. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member. Subscribe to our newsletter (it’s free!) for extras from the cutting room floor and behind-the-scenes dispatches from our reporters. Talk to us! Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or discuss the show in our private listener group on Facebook. Submit a question to our Outside/Inbox – we answer queries about the natural world, climate change, sustainability, and human evolution. You can send a voice memo to outsidein@nhpr.org or leave a message on our hotline, 1-844-GO-OTTER (844-466-8837). LINKS This article by Laura Donohue poses the same question we ask – “who owns the skies?” – in the context of property rights, state rights, and drones. Deondre Smiles’ essay on how manifest destiny is showing up as we explore beyond this planet, “The Settler Logics of (Outer) Space” The Civics 101 episodes mentioned were “Is Santa a Criminal?” and “What’s Up With the US Space Force?” Also relevant: their two-part series on “The Government and Housing.” A great podcast episode on diamonds and De Beers via Articles of Interest + 99% Invisible More on United States v. Causby (1946) By the way, the 2015 U.S. law about commercialization of space only refers to abiotic resources like minerals. If someone discovers alien life (even microbial), this law doesn’t cover it. Japan, Luxembourg, and the UAE have passed similar laws. To learn about the fascinating question of who owns the space beyond your airplane seat, check out Mine!: How the Hidden Rules of Ownership Control Our Lives by Michael Heller and coauthor James Salzman Read more about the uniquely American interpretation of “ad coelum” in the introduction to Colin Jerolmack’s book, Up to Heaven and Down to Hell: Fracking, Freedom, and Community in an American Town. CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported, produced, and mixed by Justine Paradis Edited by Taylor Quimby and Rebecca Lavoie with help from Nick Capodice and Hannah McCarthy Executive producer: Rebecca Lavoie Music by Lobo Loco, ProleteR, Triple Bacon, Larry Poppinz, Gabriel Lewis, Ben Elson, Bonkers Beat Club, bomull, Anthony Earls, David Szesztay, and Chris Zabriskie. Outside/In and Civics 101 are productions of New Hampshire Public Radio.

When Nora Saks learned that a "toxic, self-cloning worm that poops out of its mouth was invading Maine", she started sounding the alarm about the impending eco-doom. Until, that is, state experts clued her into the "real threat"; a different creepy crawly wriggling towards The Pine Tree State's gardens and precious forests, and fast. In an attempt to find out more about this real threat, Ben Brock Johnson and Nora tunnel down a wormhole, encountering a long history of xenophobic rhetoric about so-called invasive species, and some hard truths about the field of invasion biology itself. This week we’re featuring a story from our friend at WBUR’s Endless Thread, a podcast that digs into the internet's vast and curious ecosystem of online communities to find untold histories, unsolved mysteries, and other jaw-dropping stories online and IRL. Featuring: Banu Subramaniam, Dov Sax, Bob McNally, Gary Fish, and Regina Smith SUPPORT Donate to support the show before February 22nd and get your hands on a limited edition Outside/In opossum camp mug! Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS Endless Thread (WBUR) "A toxic, self-cloning worm that poops out of its mouth is invading Maine" (Bangor Daily News) Reddit post on r/oddlyterrifying about hammerhead worms lindsaynikole's viral TikTok video on hammerhead worms "The Aliens Have Landed! Reflections on the Rhetoric of Biological Invasions", Banu Subramaniam The Sax Research Lab at Brown University Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry fact sheet on jumping worms "Identify and Report Jumping Worms in Maine", UMaine Cooperative Forestry Research Unit informational video Cornell University fact sheet on Asian Jumping Worms UMass Extension Invasive Jumping Worm FAQ "Cancel Earthworms" (The Atlantic) "Invasive 'Jumping Worms' Threaten Trees in Maine and Elsewhere" (NECN) "Scientists Sound The Alarm About Invasive 'Crazy Worms' Found in Maine" (Maine Public) "Maine Gardener: Invasion of the jumping worms" (Portland Press Herald) CREDITS This episode was produced by Nora Saks and Dean Russell of WBUR’s Endless Thread Co-hosts: Nora Saks and Ben Brock Johnson. Mix and sound design: Matt Reed Endless Thread’s team includes Amory Sivertson, Dean Russell, Quincy Walters, Grace Tatter, Amy Gorel, Paul Vaitkus, and Emily Jankowski Outside/In is hosted by Nate Hegyi, and produced by Taylor Quimby, Justine Paradis, Felix Poon, and Jessica Hunt.

Despite being the only rodent with a holiday to its name, groundhogs are often considered pests. However, these natural-born diggers have unearthed rare artifacts, play a pivotal role in shaping ecosystems, and are tied to important breakthroughs in hepatitis B treatments. Plus they’re pretty cute. So in this episode, a special Groundhog Day edition of our Holy Scat series, we’re digging up as many amazing factoids about these creatures as we possibly can. Featuring: David Scofield, Amanda Gillen, Eric D’Aleo, Joe Bruchac, and Sandra Sexton SUPPORT Donate to support the show and get your hands on a limited edition Outside/In opossum camp mug! Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS Youtube video of a whistling groundhog NBC News video of Groundhog Day 2022 prediction Read more about the Meadowcroft Rockshelter – the oldest known site of human habitation in North America, discovered by a groundhog. Read this 1996 article about hepatitis B research using the woodchuck animal model at Cornell University. CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported and produced by Felix Poon Edited by Taylor Quimby Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Music for this episode by Blue Dot Sessions. Our theme music is by Breakmaster Cylinder.

What’s the slowest heartbeat on the planet? What’s it like to live with zero sunlight? If you’ve ever picked up a copy of the Guinness Book of World Records, you know that people are drawn to extremes, be they geographical, philosophical, or biological. So this week, we’re cracking open the Outside/Inbox to answer your questions about the outer limits of life on Earth. We’ll learn about how landslides are way more common than you might think, why frogs are practically undead, and how researchers stay motivated through an Antarctic winter. Submit your own question (the weirder the better) on Instagram, via email at outsidein@nhpr.org, or by calling our Outside/Inbox hotline: 1-844-GO-OTTER. Question 1: How low can an animal’s heartbeat go? Question 2: What happens to your body if you get ZERO sunlight? Question 3: Is climate change making landslides happen more often? Question 4: What is a “wet-bulb” temperature? Featuring: Carmen Possnig, Kira Mauseth, Corina Cerovski-Darriau, Daniel Vecellio, and Avikal Somvanshi. Donate to support the show, and get your hands on a limited edition Outside/In opossum camp mug! Here's the link: https://bit.ly/3PvIzWy SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook CREDITS Host: Nate Hegyi Reported, produced, and mixed by Taylor Quimby, Justine Paradis, Jessica Hunt, and Felix Poon Editing by Taylor Quimby with help from Justine Paradis Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Music by Blue Dot Sessions. Our theme music is by Breakmaster Cylinder. Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio

In each essay in their debut collection, How Far the Light Reaches: A Life in Ten Sea Creatures, science writer Sabrina Imbler shares the story of an undersea organism and a story of their own journey as someone who, as they put it, came out twice in adulthood. In one essay, they reflect on how a shape-shifting cephalopod helped them navigate their own questions about gender. In another, they celebrate queer dance clubs through the lens of the Yeti crab, a creature who “dances to live” in the crushing conditions around deep-sea hydrothermal vents. “I really wanted to sort of take these creatures very seriously… to think about both of us as organisms,” said Sabrina. “The creature’s existence in the world, and also the ways in which I am just, at the end of the day, another organism moving through the world, trying to eat and mate and survive.” Outside/In host Nate Hegyi and producer Justine Paradis sat down with Sabrina Imbler to talk about their blend of science and personal writing, and about what we might be able to learn by looking closely at the lives—perhaps very different, very strange-to-us lives—of creatures in the sea. Donate to support the show, and to get your hands on a limited edition Outside/In opossum camp mug! Here's the link: https://bit.ly/3PvIzWy MORE OUTSIDE/IN Subscribe to our (free) newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS Find How Far the Light Reaches at your local bookstore Sabrina Imbler’s articles on Defector Media Read “We Swarm” on The Rumpus “It’s always ourselves we find in the sea” is a line from this poem by E.E. Cummings. CREDITS Hosted by Nate Hegyi Reported, produced, and mixed by Justine Paradis Edited by Taylor Quimby with help from Felix Poon Executive producer: Rebecca Lavoie Music in this episode by Loving Caliber, Autohacker, Valante, Silver Maple, Moon Crater, and So Vea. Theme music: Breakmaster Cylinder Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio.

Some folks promote local food. Others swear by veganism. But what is the most environmentally-friendly diet? And does it really matter what we eat? Or are there bigger fish to fry when it comes to climate activism? Outside/In is trying out a new segment called This, That, Or The Other Thing. It’s all about the little decisions we make to try and build a more sustainable world—whether they have any effect, and what we can do instead if they don’t. For our inaugural edition, we’re focusing on food. From Brazilian beef and tofu tacos to food waste and composting, host Nate Hegyi talks with experts to understand how our choices impact the planet… and how we can make a difference in our communities. Featuring Umair Irfan, Tamar Haspel, and Ben Halpern. SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In. Subscribe to our FREE newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram or Twitter, or join our private discussion group on Facebook LINKS Give a listen to Tamar Haspel’s podcast, Climavores. Vox reporter Umair Irfan wrote about how individual action actually does matter in the fight against climate change. Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara put together a big study on the cumulative environmental pressures of different foods. Want to tackle food waste? The Environmental Protection Agency has a great, down-to-earth guide on what you can do. CREDITS Hosted, reported, produced, and mixed by Nate Hegyi Edited by Taylor Quimby with help from Justine Paradis, Jessica Hunt, and Felix Poon. Rebecca Lavoie is our Executive Producer Music by Blue Dot Sessions, Sven Lindvall, El Flaco Collective, Future Joust, Spring Gang, Eight Bits, and Awlee. Our theme music is by Breakmaster Cylinder. Outside/In is a production of New Hampshire Public Radio