To kick off 2025, Robby chats with Duncan Ogilvie, a renowned expert in Reverse Engineering (RE), the creator of x64dbg (a popular open-source x64/x32 debugger for Windows), and the mind behind 100+ other cool projects. Their conversation covers the evolving field of RE, discussing common challenges, practical techniques, and how professionals navigate the landscape. Duncan also shares his insights on the current tools shaping the field, explores the role of "AI" in RE, and speculates on what the future might hold for the industry niche. Listeners will also get a sneak peek into Duncan’s upcoming course, scheduled for February 20-21 in Oslo. The course will focus on using LLVM for binary analysis and is designed to help intermediate reverse engineers sharpen their skills. If you’re interested, sign up here! https://www.mnemonic.io/resources/events-webinars/exclusive-training-with-duncan-ogilvie-LLVM-IR-and-binary-lifting/

In this episode of the mnemonic security podcast, Robby is joined by Tony Fergusson, CISO EMEA at Zscaler. They start with a market update on Zero Trust and discuss the challenges relating to adoption that he has observed (ever heard of the Popcorn Theory?). Fergusson then introduces the concept of risk hunting – a proactive strategy to identify and mitigate risks before they escalate into breaches – and explains how it relates to threat hunting. He emphasizes the importance of least privilege, continuous evaluation, and what Zero Trust looks like for users and workloads.

In this episode of the mnemonic security podcast, Robby is joined by Scott Piper from Wiz and Håkon Sørum from O3 Cyber to talk cloud security. They cover the evolution of cloud security products since Amazon's release of S3 and EC2 in 2006 and how the market has matured into the CNAPP we know today. They chime in on most of the buzzwords associated with CNAPP, including Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM), Cloud Workload Protection Platform (CWPP), Cloud Infrastructure Entitlement Management (CIEM), and Cloud Detection and Response (CDR), as well as other key areas of CNAPP such as vulnerability scanning, "shift-left" security, cloud data security, and compliance. They explain the definition and challenges of "cloud-native attacks" and misconfigurations and discuss whether third-party SOCs can add context and enhance detection capabilities.

In this episode, Robby is joined by Maximilian Heinemeyer, Chief Product Officer at Darktrace. The conversation focuses on Max's perspective on detection engineering and the use of machine learning. He shares his opinion on the limitations of traditional, signature/behaviour-based detection methods and the challenges organisations face when building complex detection engineering systems. Max contrasts these traditional approaches with the unsupervised machine learning techniques used by Darktrace, and describes the "aha moments" he experienced when seeing this technology work in its early days.

In this new episode of the mnemonic security podcast, Robby Peralta is joined by Leonid Rozenberg, a cybersecurity expert and dark web researcher at Hudson Rock, to discuss infostealers. Rozenberg provides a brief history of infostealers, which began with Zeus in 2007, a malware initially designed to steal only banking information. Today, infostealers have evolved to capture all types of personal and sensitive data, including passwords, cookies, and cryptocurrency information. Infostealer malware can be bought on the dark web as a turnkey solution, or "mass malware as a service," for as little as $99 per month. Rozenberg emphasises the importance of cybersecurity education and debunks common misconceptions about antivirus protection, complex passwords, and multi-factor authentication. He also highlights the ongoing threat of infostealers and their adaptability in bypassing security measures.

Joe Slowik, ATT&CK CTI Lead at MITRE, joins the latest episode of the mnemonic security podcast to share his insights on the complexities of securing critical infrastructure. With a background in cyber threat intelligence, incident response, and detection engineering, Joe discusses with Robby the challenge of defining and prioritising what's truly "critical" in a landscape where every sector claims importance. They explore the difficulty in distributing security investments across industries and the growing need for organisations of all sizes to adopt a mindset of self-defence. Joe also addresses the potential consequences of large-scale cyberattacks, such as those by Volt Typhoon, emphasising the need for coordinated incident response and leadership during crisis scenarios. He concludes with a strong call for resilience and highlights the vital role CEOs play in ensuring organisational preparedness.

KraftCERT trusselvurdering 2024 | In Norwegian only In this episode, Robby is joined by Espen Endal and Bjørn Tore Hellesøy from KraftCERT/InfraCERT - the Norwegian CERT for the energy and petroleum sectors. The trio discuss the Threat Assessment report recently published by KraftCERT/InfraCERT, and the unique challenges the Norwegian energy sectors are facing. They touch into topics such as threat evaluation, insider threats, countermeasures, and the importance of maintaining robust security practices despite evolving digital landscapes. The conversation emphasises the contextualization of national threat assessments to be practical for energy production companies, stressing the balance between emerging technologies like AI and Digital Twins and their associated risks. The Threat Assessment 2024 report is available at: https://www.kraftcert.no/filer/KraftCERT-ThreatAssessment2024.pdf

In this episode, Robby speaks with Jens Christian Vedersø, Head of Cyber Risk Management at Vestas, one of the world’s largest wind turbine manufacturers. Jens is a former Navy and intelligence officer and recovering regulator. Before managing cyber risk in the renewable energy sector, Jens helped develop energy sector legislation and cyber preparedness at the Danish Energy Agency, and served as a subject matter expert for SCADA, OT, ICS and IoT at the Danish Center for Cyber Security. In the discussion Jens shares his unique perspective on how security acts as both an enabler and a potential barrier in the transition towards renewable energy transition, and how the industry needs to move from a reactive, compliance-driven approach towards a more proactive, risk-based model. Jens also shares insights into the threat landscape, potential motivations of state actors, and how Vestas is working to quantify cyber risk and empower customers to better understand and control their own cyber risks.

In this episode of the mnemonic security podcast, Robby is joined by Matt Cooke from Proofpoint. They discuss the evolving landscape of email security, emphasising the need for a multi-layered approach beyond traditional prevention methods, as well as the importance of pre-delivery, post-delivery, and click-time protection to combat phishing and business email compromise (BEC) attacks. Matt notes that 76% of data breaches involve human error, and stresses the significance of threat intelligence and machine learning in detecting and mitigating threats. The conversation also touches on the role of AI in enhancing email security, the importance of DMARC for email authentication, and the concept of "very attacked people" (VAPs) to prioritise security efforts.

In this special, celebratory 100th episode of the mnemonic security podcast, Robby speaks with author and industry legend - Jon DiMaggio. Jon is the Chief Security Strategist at Analyst1 and has over 15 years of experience hunting, researching, and writing about advanced cyber threats. As a specialist in enterprise ransomware attacks and nation-state intrusions, Jon authored several investigative reports, including Robby´s favourite, “The Ransomware Diaries”, and also wrote the award-winning book “The Art of Cyberwarfare.” Jon has gone as far as to go develop relationships with some of the world’s most notorious ransomware gangs, for example LockBit, and exposed the interworkings of cartels behind major ransomware attacks. Their conversation explores the operational models of ransomware groups, which often function through a web of partnerships, specialised roles, and profit-sharing structures. DiMaggio provides his unique perspective on building relationships with cybercriminals to gather intelligence while navigating the ethical dilemmas and personal risks. Most importantly, he answers Robby´s burning question: “What’s your opinion of the bad guys?”

In this week's episode, Robby talks with his friend Keven Hendricks, a law enforcement veteran with extensive experience in dark web and cryptocurrency investigations. They explore topics like dark web forums, cryptocurrency's role in illegal activities, and the difficulties law enforcement encounters when monitoring these areas, especially with privacy coins like Monero. Keven emphasizes the need for companies to take a ‘boots on the ground’ approach to monitoring dark web activities, rather than depending only on third-party tools. «Keep your friends close, but your enemies closer,» right? Keven also touches on the potential value of having a ‘Chief Intelligence Officer’ (CINO) to actively investigate emerging threats.

Many are familiar with cybersecurity penetration testing – ethical hacking to uncover digital weaknesses. But what about the real-world threats to your company's physical security? How confident are you in your locks, cameras, and physical security measures to protect your sensitive data or equipment? In this episode, Robby speaks with Brian Harris, a leading expert in physical penetration testing as a part of Black Teaming. Black Teaming is a type of security assessment that simulates an attack on an organisation, including tactics such as physical intrusion and social engineering. Brian, Chief Instructor for the Covert Access Team, has conducted hundreds of these physical pen tests, helping organisations identify and fix vulnerabilities that could lead to corporate espionage and other threats. They provide real-world examples, discuss the limitations of common security measures, and touch on methods for improvement. These methods can include gamifying security by incentivizing employees to take an active role in physical security, for instance by keeping an eye on suspicious activity in the office.

Have you ever worked alongside a machine learning engineer? Or wondered how their world will overlap with ours in the "AI" era? In this episode of the podcast, Robby is joined by seasoned expert Kyle Gallatin from Handshake to enlighten us on his perspective on how collaboration between security professionals and ML practitioners should look in the future. They discuss the typical workflow of an ML engineer, the risks associated with open-source models and machine learning experimentation, and the potential role of "security champions" within ML teams. Kyle provides insight into what has worked best for him and his teams over the years, and provides practical advice for companies aiming to enhance their AI security practices. Looking back at our experience with "DevSecOps" - what can we learn from and improve for the next iteration of development in the AI era?

Operationalising threat intelligence is back on topic for the mnemonic security podcast! Making a return to the podcast is Joe Slowik from MITRE Corporation, where he is the CTI Lead for MITRE ATT&CK and also Principal Engineer for Critical Infrastructure Threat Intelligence. Also joining is Jeff Schiemann, an industry veteran and CISO at one of the world's first crypto banks. The conversation ventures across how security teams are currently using threat intelligence, the importance of frameworks and standardisation, and the role AI and automation may play for defenders and adversaries. The trio also share their thoughts on a future where threat intelligence decisions can be automated in real-time, and what might take to get us there.

When we talk about securing an organisation’s assets, we most often mean its data, devices, servers, or accounts, but are we doing enough to secure the group of people leading the company? Or the ones doing high risk work on behalf of the organisation? To discuss the importance of securing high-risk individuals, like journalists, politicians and executives, Robby is joined by an expert in this field, Runa Sandvik, journalist, security researcher and founder of Granitt. At Granitt, Runa works with digital security for journalists and other at-risk people, building on her experiences working at The New York Times, Freedom of the Press Foundation and The Tor Project. During the conversation, they talk about how to secure devices when travelling to high-risk countries, what tools to use and at what time, and how threat actors usually target individuals. Runa also shares how she works to secure accounts and devices for her clients.

For this episode, Robby is once again joined by Eoin Wickens, Technical Research Director at HiddenLayer, an organisation doing security for Machine learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). It is not too long ago since Eoin last visited the podcast, (only 7 months,) but lots has happened in the world of AI since. During the episode, he talks about some of the most significant changes and developments he’s seen the last months, how models are getting smarter, smaller and more specific, and he revisits his crystal ball predictions last episode. Robby and Eoin discuss potential security risks posed by using AI tools, how to secure AI powered tools, and what you should think about before using them. Eoin also gives some new crystal ball predictions and recommendations to organisations starting to utilise AI adjacent technologies.

Data Brokers and Data Removal Services What does the process of removing your online presence look like? And how would you handle the data brokers that have collected your personal information with just a few clicks of the mouse to sell to other companies? To answer this, we’re joined by an expert in this field; Darius Belijevas, Head of Incogni, a service that automates user personal data removal from data brokers. Darius shares from his research on data brokers and their business models, and explains what a typical data broker looks like, the most commons methods they use to collect our data, and who some of the most popular data brokers are. This brings the conversation to the growing market for data removal services, and the two also talk about new legislative measures that might be changing the landscape these organisations operate in.

For this episode, Robby is joined by Levi Gundert, Chief Security Officer at the cybersecurity company Recorded Future and author of the book The Risk Business – what leaders need to know about intelligence and risk-based security. Levi shares from his decades of experience in the threat and risk space – and Robby picks his brain about a broad set of security topics ranging from telling the risk story and categorising risk, to darknet monitoring and infiltration, and using chatbots for security analysis and risk management.

Ethical social engineering Even the best pentesters out there can be fooled by a social engineering attempt under the right circumstances. But how do we treat the ones that have been tested and failed? Ragnhild «Bridget» Sageng, Senior Security Advisor at Norwegian Customs, has several years of experience from the IT and cybersecurity industry, and hands-on experience working as an ethical hacker specialising in social engineering. In her conversation with Robby, she shares what goes through her head during social engineering assignments, and discusses the importance of company culture and management expectations when doing these kinds of assessments. Ragnhild is particularity interested in the other side social engineering and how we should meet the humans that are involved in these assignments. During this episode she explores what ethical responsibilities we have, what a pentester should demand from a company before accepting an assignment, and what a company should demand back from a pentester.

How will AI impact the next generation of people working with computer science? This question is probably relevant for anyone making their way through school now, in all fields of study. Without looking for a definite answer, but to help him navigate this question, Robby has invited two people with quite different backgrounds: Richard Stiennon, author of Security Yearbook 2023 and Founder and Chief Research Analyst at IT-Harvest, and High School Junior, Athena Contos. Athena was recently visiting colleges, together with her father Brian Contos, a long-time veteran of the mnemonic security podcast. They both noticed a lot of excitement and concern regarding AI amongst those about to embark on their higher education, and questions about how AI will impact their choices of schools, majors, careers, and ultimately their future. In this episode, Athena and Richard share their perspectives on AI’s potential in education, the ethics of using AI in this context, and how we can go from combating the use of AI in the classroom to making it a useful tool for learning.